TERMS OF REFERENCE
GENDER, FOOD AND NUTRITION SECURITY, AND AGRICULTURE MARKET SYSTEMS
STAKEHOLDER ANALYSIS IN ETHIOPIA
CARE’s flagship Pathways to Secure Livelihoods Program (Pathways) aims to empower poor women smallholder farmers to overcome the gender-based constraints that hinder women’s productive and equitable engagement in agriculture. The program strives to achieve three inter-related objectives: 1) Increase the productive engagement of poor women in sustainable agriculture and contribute to their empowerment; 2) Enhance the scale of high-quality, women-responsive agriculture programming at CARE; and 3) Contribute to the global discourse that surrounds women and agriculture. The Pathways Theory of Change was designed to respond to the underlying causes of low productivity, poverty, and women’s disempowerment in the agriculture sector. The TOC defined five key “change levers” that together could catalyze lasting change toward empowerment, equity, and food security. These change levers are as follows: 1) Women’s capacity (skills, knowledge, self-confidence); 2) Access to productive assets and resources (including inputs, markets, and financial tools); 3) Increased productivity (including profitability and nutrition outcomes; 4) Increased influence over household decisions and assets, and 5) Improved enabling environments, which encompass cultural and social norms and attitudes, markets and extension systems and gender-sensitive policies.
The Pathways “push-pull” operational framework outlines a coordinated effort to a) enhance women’s individual and collective agency (“push interventions”) and b) engage other direct stakeholders in the structural changes required for sustainable change and equitable agriculture systems (“pull interventions”).
This assignment seeks to contribute to the adoption, scaling up and uptake of the Pathways model by conducting stakeholder analysis with key agriculture, nutrition, land, gender, finance and environment sectors that Pathways and its partners can influence in Phase 2, in order to institutionalize FFBS and take to scale other critical pieces of the Pathways model. Pathways phase I was implemented in six countries; Malawi, Mali, Ghana, Tanzania, India and Bangladesh from 2012-2016 followed by a bridge period (April, 2016 – March, 2018) where Pathways implementation in Ethiopia is initiated. This assignment is a follow up to the national policy analyses undertaken by CARE Ethiopia Pathways program.
Women play a critical role in food production and stakeholder analysis should analyze the national, regional, zonal, institutions and their structures down to the kebele level in Oromiya and SNNPR as it relates to the investment on women small scale farmers; accessibility, quality, relevance and equity in terms of the service being provided The stakeholder analysis will involve the following areas:
Agriculture Extension Service: Stakeholders involved in providing Agriculture Extension Advisory Service
CCR: Stakeholders involved in increasing scale-out of climate resilient agricultural practices and approaches that particularly target small-scale women farmers
Nutrition: Stakeholders involved in Nutrition-sensitive and Nutrition-specific interventions
Gender: Stakeholders involved in coordinating gender integration for FNS Programs targeting small-scale women farmers
Market: Stakeholders involved in input and output market systems targeting small-scale women farmers
Finance: Stakeholders involved in financial inclusion of small-scale women farmers
Governance: stakeholders at National, Regional, Zonal, Woreda and Kebele levels engaged in coordinating the FNS programs targeting small-scale farmers. There is a need to explore how the different packages of services reach the small-scale women farmers at the kebele level and the different coordination mechanisms, systems and forums should be evaluated against transparency, accountability and efficiency in making sure that small-scale farmers get access to quality and integrates services.
This ToR defines objectives, activities and other terms for undertaking the stakeholder analysis.
Objectives
The overall objective of the assignment is to identify stakeholders and coordination mechanisms involved in the Gender and FNS Policy and implementation in Ethiopia to support implementation of Pathways Phase 2.
The specific objective of the assignment is to:-
o Assess potential stakeholders and coordination mechanisms in Gender and FNS policies/strategies/programs/projects implementation at National, Regional, Zonal, Woreda and Kebele levels that are relevant to the small-scale farmers, in Oromiya and SNNPR;
o Analyze the strength and gaps of stakeholders and coordination mechanisms and
o Explore key opportunities for Pathways II engagement.
There are also other broad objectives that the assignment will indirectly contribute to, including,
o To prepare the ground work for the subsequent engagement in Pathways II;
o To identify forums and engagement processes for CARE Pathways Ethiopia at National, Regional Zonal, Woreda and Kebele levels;
o To inform current programming – (e.g. Pathways) and suitable and effective entry-points for achieving systemic change through advocacy and influencing in the respective gender and agriculture sectors.
Scope of work
The stakeholder analysis report will serve as strategic document to guide project future potential partnership and engagement Furthermore, it will provide a roadmap for action, and will be a convening tool to catalyze strategic and productive partnership and engagement among stakeholders.
1. Identify the key issues/domains, leading players (government, INGO, Local NGO, Universities, research organizations private sector, civil society, movement groups, etc.) and their interests that will impact the Pathways program (positively or negatively);
2. Identify relevant forums and decision making processes (Task Forces, Coordination mechanisms, Committees etc) as well as major events (eg March8 …) keeping in mind the overall project sectoral focus and timeline;
Methodology and Main Activities
The stakeholder analysis will be of qualitative nature and quantitative, to the extent it is available, needed and accessible.
The assignment will include (but will not necessarily be restricted to) the activities listed below,
1. Inception report, Desk review of available literature relevant to the assignment
2. Regular feed-back with Pathways team, and the country office contact point
3. Elaboration of the first draft
4. Presentation of the first draft to CARE Ethiopia staff and Pathways core team
5. Integration of the inputs from the partners in the draft and production of the final draft
6. Sharing of the final draft with Pathways Core team and Program managers
7. Incorporation of feedback to the final draft, and elaboration of the final version of the assignment outcomes, i.e. report of 20 pages & Power Point Presentation (see below)
8. Presentation to Pathways core team and Program Managers
Organizational arrangements
The assignment will be conducted under the supervision and in close coordination with the the Pathways Team, which will be kept regularly informed on the mission development.
The Pathways Program Manager will inform about the mission aims and objectives to the country office, seeking for support to the mission and nominating contact points.
The contact points will suggest local stakeholders for further consultations and will provide their contact details. They will also facilitate relevant information (reports, studies, etc.) on CARE programs.
Deliverables
A report (max 20 pages) will be produced, as well as a Power Point Presentation summarizing the report.
The objective of the stakeholder analysis is to provide specific, decision-making information to Pathways teams and country programs to help identify institutional partnerships that Pathways can influence or work with to institutionalize and take to scale the FFBS approach and to create an enabling policy environment for gender-transformative, pro-poor agriculture and market systems (SuPER) that foster inclusive growth while explicitly promoting gender equality.
Timetable
CARE expects the report no later than 20 working days upon signing the contract for the assignment.